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My InfoTech Journal: Decoding the Networking Enigma: OSI vs. TCP/IP Reference Models

My InfoTech Journal: Decoding the Networking Enigma: OSI vs. TCP/IP Reference Models The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model and the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Reference Model: The OSI Reference Model and the TCP/IP Reference Model are both conceptual frameworks used to understand and standardize how different networking protocols and technologies interact. Here are some areas of comparison: 1. Number of Layers: OSI Model : It consists of seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and  TCP/IP Model : It has four layers: Network Interface, Internet, Transport, and Application. 2. L ayer Functionality: OSI Model : Tends to be more comprehensive and abstract, defining each layer's functions independently. TCP/IP Model : Reflects the actual implementation of the Internet and focuses on how protocols are used in practice. 3. Adoption / Use: OSI Model : Less commonly used in practice, but it is still valuab...
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My InfoTech Journal

 M My InfoTech Journal



My InfoTech Journal will record the research that I have consolidated so that I can go back and use these articles for future reference.

I will start with topics related to Information Security, Data Privacy, and expand to other domains with the objective of promoting knowledge sharing for those that may have the same research requirement.

I will also share personal experiences that may be useful to the topics being presented.

I hope that these research articles will be useful to others looking for references on the same topic.

The Author: My InfoTech Journal 

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Fortifying the Digital Frontier: Unmasking Network Security Risks and Solutions

Fortifying the Digital Frontier:  Unmasking Network Security Risks and Solutions It has been a while since my last post. I have been busy with work and learning Microsoft PowerBI and Power Automate. These are very good tools for dashboard creation and automation. Very easy to learn and use. Kudos to Microsoft for coming up with these great tools! Fast forward, I have recently enrolled in a Master of Information Systems (MIS) program via Distance Education. I am excited to be an online distance education student. It has been a    very long time since I was a student. I know there will be adjustments needed from me… to be diligent, to be disciplined in balancing my work-studies-life, and to persevere to achieve my goal of getting my Master’s Degree. I have decided to share my research in  MyInfoTech Journal  hoping these information will also be able to help those researching for similar topics. Today, I am researching on the  Network Layer  and its Secu...
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My InfoTech Journal: Decoding the Networking Enigma: OSI vs. TCP/IP Reference Models

My InfoTech Journal: Decoding the Networking Enigma: OSI vs. TCP/IP Reference Models The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model and the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Reference Model: The OSI Reference Model and the TCP/IP Reference Model are both conceptual frameworks used to understand and standardize how different networking protocols and technologies interact. Here are some areas of comparison: 1. Number of Layers: OSI Model : It consists of seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and  TCP/IP Model : It has four layers: Network Interface, Internet, Transport, and Application. 2. L ayer Functionality: OSI Model : Tends to be more comprehensive and abstract, defining each layer's functions independently. TCP/IP Model : Reflects the actual implementation of the Internet and focuses on how protocols are used in practice. 3. Adoption / Use: OSI Model : Less commonly used in practice, but it is still valuab...
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My InfoTech Journal: Unpacking the OSI Model: Your Guide to Networking Layers

My InfoTech Journal: Unpacking the OSI Model: Your Guide to Networking Layers The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) reference model is a way to understand how different parts of computer networks communicate. Each layer having a specific job. 1. Physical Layer: This is the actual hardware, like cables and switches. Example: Ethernet cables connect devices in a network. 2. Data Link Layer: Ensures data is sent and received without errors within a local network. Example: Ethernet frames help in local data transfer. 3. Network Layer: Manages data routing between different networks. Example: IP (Internet Protocol) routers guide data between your home and a website. 4. Transport Layer: Ensures data arrives reliably and in order. Example: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) guarantees error-free data transfer. 5. Session Layer: E stablishes, maintains, and ends connections between devices. Example: Setting up a video call on Skype. 6. Presentation Layer: Translates data into a format that ...
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MyInfoTechJournal: Never Let a Crisis Go to Waste: The Ultimate Business Continuity Plan (BCP) for Thriving in Any Situation (Part 3 of 3: EXAMPLE)

MyInfoTechJournal: Never Let a Crisis Go to Waste: The Ultimate Business Continuity Plan (BCP) for Thriving in Any Situation  (Part 3 of 3: EXAMPLE)
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CyberSecurity Vulnerabilities in Control Systems

My InfoTech Journal:  CyberSecurity Vulnerabilities in Industrial Control Systems For this article, I will be presenting an overview of CyberSecurity Vulnerabilities, using the US   CyberSecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) guidelines for Industrial Control Systems . Please note that this US CISA CyberSecurity guideline is specific to Industrial Control Systems. Nonetheless the framework and line of thought can be used as reference for any other similar environment. CyberSecurity aims to protect sensitive information hosted in critical systems from different faces of evolving threats. Year-by-year business reports would publish the cost of data breaches globally in millions of US dollars. This includes losses in business revenues, cost of responding to the breach, cost of deciphering the extent of the data breach,  performing root cause analysis, and most of all the long term damage of the company reputation and brand. In order to protect your Control Syst...
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Information Security Tenets (The CIA Triad)

My InfoTech Journal:   Information Security Tenets The CIA Triad The   three tenets or fundamental principles of Information Security are  Confidentiality ,  Integrity , and  Availability .  This is also commonly known as the CIA Triad . The Information Security  programs refers to the controls designed and implemented to protect these three tenets:  Confidentiality ,  Integrity , and  Availability .   What is Confidentiality? Confidentiality ensures that private information remains private and that these private information can only be accessed or viewed by authorized individuals on need to know basis. Information Security controls must therefore be put in place to protect the data from unauthorized disclosure.  Examples of  Information Security controls  to ensure Data Confidentiality : Access Control List (ACL) Username and Password  Encryption  Two-Factor Authentication (Password, Token, PIN, Biome...
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The Ultimate Guide to Protecting Your Company's Secrets and Personal Information - Don't Get Hacked!

My InfoTech Journal: The Ultimate Guide to Protecting Your Company's Secrets and Personal Information - Don't Get Hacked!
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Network Security: How to minimize the Risk of your Wireless Network

My InfoTech Journal: What you can do to minimize the risk of your wireless network? Access Points are usually targets for unauthorized access. You have to ensure that your access points are secured to prevent unauthorized access.  There are several ways of securing your wireless access points.  Here is a Security Tip from the US CISA. Change default password. Restrict access. Encrypt the data on your network. Protect your Service Set Identifier (SSID). Install a Firewall. Maintain Anti-Virus software.I Use file sharing with caution. Keep your access point software patched and up to date. Check your internet provider’s router or router manufacturers wireless security options. Connect Using Virtual Private Network (VPN). A more detailed discussion of this tip can be found in this post:   US CISA: Security Tip (ST 005-003) Securing Wireless Networks End Notes  US CISA: Security Tip Disclaimer   This article is a result of my personal research and is not a substitut...
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The Top 10 Security Risks Facing the Pharmaceutical Industry: Is Your Company Prepared?

My InfoTech Journal: The Top 10 Security Risks Facing the Pharmaceutical Industry: Is Your Company Prepared?
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Unlock the Secrets of the Top 10 Information Security Solutions and Safeguard Your Digital World!

{color: #000000; } My InfoTech Journal: Unlock the Secrets of the Top 10 Information Security Solutions and Safeguard Your Digital World!
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